ABSTRACT
Resumo Contexto: A esperança é um sentimento essencial à vida e é um elemento impulsionador do processo de reabilitação psicossocial orientada para o Recovery (PRPOR). Importa, pois, sintetizar e integrar o conhecimento existente acerca das intervenções de enfermagem especializadas e autónomas promotoras de esperança na população em PRPOR. Objetivo: Identificar as intervenções de enfermagem especializadas e autónomas promotoras de esperança na população em processo de reabilitação psicossocial orientado para o Recovery. Método: Revisão Integrativa de acordo com os critérios do Joanna Briggs Institute. Efetuada pesquisa nas plataformas Ebscohost, Google Académico e BMC Nursing, entre outubro e dezembro de 2021 utilizando os descritores "Esperança" AND "Enfermagem de Saúde Mental e Psiquiátrica" AND "(Recovery em saúde mental" OR "Reabilitação psicossocial"). Resultados: Incluímos sete estudos, referentes a diversos contextos de prestação de cuidados (comunitário, hospitalar, ambulatório). Apresentamos a forma de identificar a necessidade de atenção ao foco de enfermagem "Esperança", os diversos instrumentos de avaliação diagnóstica e as intervenções promotoras de esperança que apresentam resultados positivos. Conclusão: Os estudos incluídos identificam a relação terapêutica como contexto essencial para veicular as intervenções de enfermagem promotoras de esperança e o facto de os enfermeiros serem eles próprios fonte de instilação de esperança. É fundamental identificar os atributos da esperança, as emoções e experiências associadas e ter competência para formular objetivos realistas.
Abstract Context: Hope is an essential feeling in life and is a driving element in the recovery-oriented psychosocial rehabilitation process. It is therefore important to synthesize and integrate existing knowledge about specialized and autonomous nursing interventions that promote hope in the population living this process. Aim: To identify specialized and autonomous nursing interventions that promote hope in population in a recovery-oriented psychosocial rehabilitation process. Method: Integrative review according to Joanna Briggs Institute criteria. Research was carried out on the platforms Ebscohost, Google Academic and BMC Nursing, between October and December 2021 using the descriptors "Hope" AND "Mental Health and Psychiatric Nursing" AND "(Recovery in mental health" OR "Psychosocial rehabilitation"). Results: We included seven studies, referring to different care settings (community, hospital, outpatient). We present a way to identify the need for attention to the "Hope" nursing focus, the various diagnostic assessment instruments and hope-promoting interventions that present positive results. Conclusion: The included studies identify the therapeutic relationship as an essential context to convey nursing interventions that promote hope and the fact that nurses are themselves a source of hope. It is essential to identify the attributes of hope, the associated emotions and experiences and be competent to formulate realistic goals.
ABSTRACT
(1) Background: The prevalence of coxarthrosis associated with ageing is one of the main reasons for the increase in hip arthroplasty. Educational intervention in the pre- and postoperative period of hip arthroplasty can improve functionality and, consequently, quality of life. Therefore, we intend to map the educational interventions that improve the functional capacity of people undergoing hip arthroplasty on their rehabilitation process. (2) Methods: Scoping review. The search was carried out in the databases: CINAHL complete, MEDLINE Complete, Nursing and Allied Health Collection: Comprehensive, Cochrane Methodology Register, Library, Information Science and Technology Abstracts, MedcLatina, and Google Academic. We included studies that evaluated the implementation of educational rehabilitation interventions that enable the empowerment and teaching of people undergoing hip arthroplasty. (3) Results: Thirteen studies were analysed that met the eligibility criteria and allowed the research question to be answered. Education in the perioperative period promotes training to perform rehabilitation exercises, improves the hospitalisation experience, increases participation in the rehabilitation process, allows early mobilisation, and increases the functional potential, thus enabling faster reintegration into society. (4) Conclusion: Early mobilisation plays a very important role in a person's functional recovery, as well as in the prevention of thromboembolic complications. Exercise produces benefits in relation to physical function, namely, in improving strength, balance, facilitating functional activities, and preventing complications.
